Introduction to Flora and Fauna in Telangana & Harayana

The ecosystem is a complex, interconnected network comprising biotic and abiotic elements. Biotic elements include all living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms.

Abiotic components, on the other hand, include non-living entities that are vital for the survival of life and these include soil, water, climate, etc. Among all biotic elements, Flora and Fauna are the most fascinating ones.

Flora and Fauna Meaning

In a nutshell, the term flora relates to all plant life and the term fauna represents all animal life.

Flora Meaning

The term flora in Latin means “Goddess of the Flower.” Flora is a collective term for a group of plant life found in a particular region. The whole plant kingdom is represented by this name.

Fauna Meaning

Fauna represents the animal life indigenous to a region. There are many explanations regarding the origin of the word. As per Roman mythology, Fauna or “Faunus” is the name of the goddess of fertility. Another source is “Fauns” which means “Forest spirits.“

What is the difference between flora and fauna?

Flora refers to all plant life and fauna refers to all animal life.  Fauna cannot prepare their own food so they depend upon the flora for their food

Some examples of flora and fauna.

Some examples of flora include- grasslands, forests, flowering and non-flowering plants and trees.
A few examples of fauna include- birds, animals, fish, insects, etc.

Importance of Flora and Fauna

Flora and fauna are very important for human existence.  They help Maintaining Ecological Balance,

Aesthetic Value and even Expansion of Local Economies

Flora and Fauna In Telangana

Telangana State is known for its rich heritage in biological diversity distributed in 9 agro climatic regions. Among the flora, the state harbors a total of 2,800 taxa belonging to 1,051 genera under 185 families. This accounts for 16% of the Angiosperms known from India. Of these, 2,071 species belonging to 150 families and 796 genera are Dicotyledons and 729 species belonging to 255 genera and 35 families are Monocotyledons.

Among the fauna, Telangana State is rich with 108 species of mammals that include Tiger, Leopard, Sloth Bear, Giant Squirrel, Hyena, Fox, Wild Dog, Wild Boar, Indian Bison(Gaur), Spotted Deer, Barking Deer, Black Buck, Four-horned Antelope, Blue Bull, Sambar, Mouse Deer, Honey Badger, Civets,Jungle Cats, Otter, Pangolin, Bats, Tree Shrew, Common Langur,etc.

Flora and Fauna In Harayana

A thorny dry deciduous forest, Among the flora, pine and thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. Chief trees are mulberry, eucalyptus, pine, kikar, sheesham and babul, and during the monsoon a carpet of grass covers the hills which makes them excellent grazing ground for black buck and nilgai (blue bull).

Among the fauna, A lone tiger or panther can be spotted on occasion, while foxes, mongooses, jackals and wild dogs are aplenty.

Compare and contrast the natural vegetation of Haryana with Telangana state

Natural vegetation refers to a plant community, which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as a virgin vegetation. Thus, cultivated crops and fruits, orchards form part of vegetation but not natural vegetation

Vegetation of Telangana

Telangana is situated largely in an upland region of the Deccan (peninsular India). Much of its surface area is occupied by the Telangana Plateau in the north and the Golconda Plateau in the south

Drainage is dominated by the basins of the Godavari River in the north and the Krishna River in the south. As a result of erosion, the topography of the plateau region consists of graded valleys with red sandy soil and isolated hills. Black soil is also found in certain parts of the area.

Telangana has three seasons: summer, from March to June; a period of tropical rains from July to September; and winter, from October to February.

Thorny vegetation covers the scattered hills of the plateau areas, while dense woodlands are found in the northeast along and near the Godavari River. The forests, covering about one-fourth of the land area, consist of both moist deciduous and dry savanna vegetation; teak, rosewood, wild fruit trees, and bamboo are plentiful. Elsewhere in the state, neem (which produces an aromatic oil), banyan, mango, and pipal (or Bo; Ficusreligiosa) are among the common trees.

The type of forests met within Telangana are Tropical moist deciduous forests, Southern dry deciduous forests, Northern mixed dry deciduous forests, Dry savannah forests and Tropical dry evergreen scrub.
Animal life includes tigers, blackbucks, hyenas, sloth bears, gaurs, and chital, which abound in the hills and forest areas. There are also hundreds of species of birds, including flamingos and pelicans. Telangana is home to some two dozen national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and protected areas, including two tiger reserves that adjoin similar facilities in neighboring states.

Vegetation of Haryana

Haryana does not have much area under forest cover - most of its land (80%) is under cultivation - but it still diverts more forest land than any other state for non-forestry purposes, such as construction, infrastructure and industrial projects. Haryana along with Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Maharashtra are top five states which together diverted more than 50% of the total diversion of forest area

Haryana is primarily an agricultural state with almost 80% of its land being used for cultivation.

According to the India State of Forest Report 2015, forestry activities in Haryana are dispersed over rugged Shiwalik hills in north, Aravalli hills in south, sand dunes in west and wastelands, saline-alkaline lands and waterlogged sites in the central part of the state.

These forests are found in the northeastern states along the foothills of Himalayas Shiwalik region. Teak, sal, shisham, hurra, mahua, amla, semul, Kusum, and sandalwood etc. are the main species of these forests. Dry deciduous forest of Haryana

Git: How to set Git User Name and User email Globally & repository specific

Usually when we install Git, we typically configure your global username and email address after installing Git. However, you can do so now if you missed that step or want to make changes. After you set your global configuration, repository-specific configuration is optional.

Git configuration works the same across Windows, macOS, and Linux.

To set your global username/email configuration:

Open the command line.

-- set user name
$ git config --global user.name "First Name Last Name"
-- set user email
$ git config --global user.email "useremail@gmail.com"

To set repository-specific username/email configuration:

From the command line, change into the repository directory.

--Set your username
$ git config user.name "FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME"

--Set your email address
$ git config user.email "useremail@gmail.com"

--Verify your configuration by displaying your configuration file
$ cat .git/config

Hope this helps!

How to get list of column names from Table Variable @table

A table variable is a variable data type which can be used to store temporary data. It's defined using the DECLARE keyword and the table's structure is defined in the declaration as shown below:

declare @ns_source table
(
  col1_id int, 
  col2_name varchar(50),
  col3_desc varchar(50)
)    

Unlike temporary tables, table variables are not affected by a rollback. As regular variables, they keep the data which was modified during the transaction even if the transaction is rolled back.

Coming to get columns from table varaiable, here is how we can get using below query.

declare @ns_source table
(
  col1_id int, 
  col2_name varchar(50),
  col3_desc varchar(50)
)

select DP.N.value('local-name(.)', 'sysname') as ColumnName
from 
  (
  select NS.*
  from (select 1) as D(N)
    outer apply (
                select top(0) *
                from @ns_source
                ) as NS
  for xml path(''), elements xsinil, type
  ) as LV(X)
cross apply LV.X.nodes('*') as DP(N)

Result looks like below

How can we bulk close issues on JIRA?

Here is how we can bulk close JIRAs

Step 1: Search all the issues/stories you wan to close (Using JQL or predefined filter of your own),  something like below.

Step 2: Choose the issues that needs to be closed.

Step 3: Choose Operation, Since we are closing, we need to select transition issues and go to next. 

Step 4: Choose the operation from available workflow actions

Step 5: Here I have choosed Resolved as i am closing these issues.

Step 6: Select Resolved and proceed further.

Step 7: Add comments (optional) and choose resolution

Step 8: Choose confirm to bulk close all the tickets.

Easy right!!